Jacobs Krönung - 1002 Words

Jacobs Krà ¶nung Case study: „Jacobs Krà ¶nungâ€Å" Jacobs Krà ¶nung-brand In Germany coffee has become the beverage, which is drunk the most, even more than bier and mineral-water. And beside lots of famous brands like Nescafà ©, Illy, German has also already created their own coffee brand â€Å"Jacobs Krà ¶nung†. For more than 40 years this brand has appeared as the most favored coffee of German. In 1895, Johann Jacobs opened in Bremen, Germany, his special shop with coffee, cacao, chocolates, biscuits. Then they developed their business with own roastfactory and until now they have been succeed to build the most popular German â€Å"Jacobs Krà ¶nung†- Jacobs coronation. Jacobs has provided coffee with the slogan â€Å"Verwà ¶hnaroma† - â€Å"indulge aroma†. So the†¦show more content†¦And there is also the stereotype, German always attaches special importance to the quality of product and the â€Å"made in Germany† products are trusted. Therefore this name should be kept on the packa ge, but I have an idea, that the small diadem (above â€Å"Krà ¶nung†) should be omitted. Because there is already the bigger one, which is made of coffee beans. ïÆ'Ëœ Besides we can change the color of the coffee bag to every country. Because color can has also influence on decide of the buyer. People percept each color differently. It may depend on the culture of each country or the memories of each person. So the color of the package may be changed to match with the culture of the northern countries. Phuong Thao Nguyen 1897598 Seite 2 Jacobs Krà ¶nung ïÆ'Ëœ Ultimately I suggest two slogans ï‚ · One of them is â€Å"Enjoy Jacobs Krà ¶nung – crowned even higher than bier†. Base on the famousness of Germany bier, I want to lay stress on the quality of Jacobs coffee in comparing with bier. Germany has been famous for bier and its quality, but now people should pay attention at another beverage else, which has The other one is â€Å"Jacobs aroma - beside your cake†. As I mentioned, â€Å"Kaffee und Kuchen† is not only a tradition in Germany, but it appears also in the coffee culture of the northern Europe. From this Tradition this slogan occur me. It recalls one in common cultural feature between Germany and the northern Europe.Show MoreRelatedCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesClaussen Freezer case Desserts Cool Whip Pizza Di Giorno Jack’s Tombstone Selected international brands* Cheese Dairylea El Caserio Eden Invernizzi Philadelphia Sottilette P’tit Quebec Coff ee Blendy Carte Noire Gevalia Grand’ Mere Kaffee HAG Jacobs Kronung Jacobs Monarch Jacques Vabre Kenco Maxim Nabob Saimaza Splendid Confectioneries Next Peter Jackson Petra Philip Morris Aladdin Africana Cote d’Or Daim Figaro Freia Hollywood Korona Marabou Milka Peanott Poiana Prince Polo Suchard Sugus Terry’s

The War Against The Soviet War - 854 Words

Throughout the 1940s and 1960s the United States engaged in a Cold War against the USSR, with both sides having access to nuclear weapons escalating any further would mean mutually assured destruction; since neither nation could use traditional weapons instead they engaged in an ideological war. During this time America employed many different tactics to both vilify communism and present itself as the antithesis of everything it stood for, they fought by proxy with propaganda to promote fear and mistrust. This psychological warfare would lead to significant changes in religion, as America presented itself as a God fearing nation to combat the USSR’s status as atheist, society, with American culture being warped to display its stance against communism and inspire a sense of fear towards it from the populace, and technology as both America and the USSR rushed to be the first to reach milestones in an attempt to ultimately prove their own ascendancy. In an effort to appear as anticommunist as possible the nature of America’s views on religion vastly changed; patriotism would become synonymous with Christianity. President Eisenhower urged people to attend church claiming that it was their patriotic duty and, despite not having joined a church in any official capacity until the year 1953, decidedly refereed to himself as â€Å"the most deeply religious man I know†. Furthermore, courts would also begin ruling in favor of certain religious practices; reading the bible, prayer, andShow MoreRelatedThe War Against The Soviet Union1480 Words   |  6 Pageswould be a quick and victorious war against the Soviet Union. Hitler believed that the Jews were responsible for Germany’s defeat in the first world war, and had the idea that Jews played a central role in bolshevism making this war more than strategic. He also believed that Russian territory would be better used as Lebensraum, or living space, for German citize ns. Even before the invasion was launched, Hitler made clear to his officers how to handle the Soviets. In a March 30th meeting with advisorsRead MoreKorean War On The Cold War992 Words   |  4 Pagesto the powerful support from the Soviets and the People s Republic of China. In contrast, the South side countervailed by taking the part in the war with United Nations Forces which was composed the United States, United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Canada, Turkey, Ethiopia, Thai, Philippine, Columbia, Greece, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Luxembourg and South Korea. Afterward, the Chinese People s Volunteer Army entered the war and the Soviets supported the north side in termsRead MoreThe Battle Of The Cold War955 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II between the United States and the Soviet Union came a time period full of mistrust and deceit. By the end of the Second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union became increasingly suspicious of one another, an d their relations resulted in being unstable. This evident yet rising political and military tension between the two world powers has come to be known as the Cold War. Both the Yalta Conference, which saw a rise in disagreements between the two, and the Korean War, theRead MoreCauses Of The Soviet Union In Ww21362 Words   |  6 Pages2017 Soviet Russia In World War II I have always been fascinated with the Second World War. In fact, it seemed only fitting that I would choose the Soviet Unions role in World War II since I like the Soviets as well. I have divided this paper into several sections to help complete this task. The first section will deal with the causes of World War II and the Soviet Unions role in them. The second section will deal with the battles the Soviet Union was involved in during the war. 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The disagreement is often between about what forces pushed for the struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for power. The best explanation often states that there were many factors at play such as the bi-polarity of great powers ofRead MoreThe Cold War Was Predominately Between Two Major Powers1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was predominately between two major powers in the world. These two super powers were the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the United States beginning in 1947. The Cold War happened relatively soon after the Second World War. Why did the Cold War begin? In 1947, the Cold War began and it was due to various reasons. Some historians believed that the bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima a nd Nagasaki caused the Cold War. In addition, the United States president duringRead MoreThe Movie Goldeneye 997 Words   |  4 Pagesstop terrorist from taking a Soviet Union satellite that can fire an electric magnetic pulse satellite (EMP) . The movie takes place from 1986 to 1995, all during the time of the cold war. Within the movie there are a few villains that are fighting against Bond, Alec Trevelyan formally MI6 special agent 006 and James Bond partner, Boris Grishenko an indepent hacker that works for the Janus group, and Soviet Union fighting against other countries during the cold war. The movie Goldeneye shows themesRead MoreThe Cold War On Europe1282 Words   |  6 PagesTHE COLD WAR IN EUROPE Soon after the end of the World War Two (WW II), a new period of tensions began in the world with once again Europe at the very heart of the tensions. It was the Cold War. It â€Å"was a state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact). It â€Å"split the temporary wartime alliance against Nazi Germany, leaving the Union of SovietRead MoreThe Cold War Between Communism And Communism1721 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War The conflict in ideologies between capitalism and communism resulted in one of the greatest conflicts of the twentieth century. The belief that freedom and democracy would die under communist rule caused the United States to start a conflict that would last for decades. The decisions made by the United States in W.W.II caused tensions to rise between the U. S. and the Soviet Union. Fear of Communism in capitalist nations, caused the United states government to use propaganda to raise

Korean Conflict Essay Example For Students

Korean Conflict Essay North Korea and South Korea was once one country combined. That changed soonafter World War II. Since the Soviet Union controlled North Korea it was mainlyCommunist. North and South Korea were separated on the 38th parallel line. TheUnited States controlled South Korea so it was mainly democratic. The Korean Warbegan on June 25, 1950, when troops from Communist-ruled North Korea invadedSouth Korea. The Korean War was the first war in which a world organization, theUnited Nations (UN), played a military role. The UN thought that the invasionwas a violation of international peace, and demanded that the Communistswithdraw from South Korea. After North Korea kept fighting the UN asked itsmember nations to aid South Korea with military help. Sixteen countries senttroops to South America and 41 other countries sent military equipment, food,and other supplies. China fought on the side of North Korea, and the USSR gavemilitary equipment to the North Koreans. North Korea invaded South Korea becausethere was a disagreement between the two countries. The UN General Assembly toldKorea to hold elections throughout the entire country. The elections were tochoose one government for the entire country. The Soviet Union opposed this ideaand would not permit elections in North Korea. On May 10, 1947, the people ofSouth Korea elected a national assembly. The assembly chose to set up theRepublic of Korea. On September 9, North Korean Communists established theDemocratic Peoples Republic of Korea. When both North and South claimed theentire country, their troops collided. North Korea had about 135,000 soldiers intheir army. Most of the soldiers fought for China or the Soviet Union in WWII.North Korea had many advantages over the South Korean Army. The North hadairplanes, artillery, and tanks. South Korea had about 95,000 soldiers, fewplanes or heavy guns, and absolutely no tanks. When the UN joined with SouthKorea, at their strongest, they had about 1,110,000 soldiers. Approximately590,000 were South Koreans, and about 480,000 were Americans. The other 39,000were from Australia, Belgium, Canada, Colombia, France, and other countries. Atone point during the war North Korea had the South pushed so far south that theonly city they could retreat to was Pusan. Finally, after years of fighting, theKorean War ended on July 27, 1953. The UN and North Korea signed an armisticeagreement. A permanent peace treaty between South Korea and North Korea hadnever been signed. However, US military presence is being maintained constantlyto discourage any aggression between the two countries.

The last of the mohicans Analysis Essay Example For Students

The last of the mohicans Analysis Essay In The Last of the Mohicans by James Fenimore Cooper, historical romance is apparent through settings, characters and plots. Cooper is considered by many critics to be the father of the American historical romance. Fred Lewis Patee said, â€Å"Not only was Cooper the pioneer (of the historical romance) in America, and thus worthy of the highest praise, but in many respects his romances have never been surpassed.† (212) Cooper celebrated the creative spirit of the individual and had a deep appreciation for nature. He was a romantic who enjoyed the mysteriousness and exoticness of the frontier. He favored the use of emotions over reason. Through his romantic writings, Cooper is able to captivate the reader and led them on journey through his imaginary world. We will write a custom essay on The last of the mohicans Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The setting in The Last of the Mohicans exhibits Cooper’s historical romantic writing. The novel takes place in the American frontier. It is a place of â€Å"†¦wild and virgin nature.† (Roundtree 52) The immense beauty and threat of danger from its’ terrain creates an exotic impression on the reader. The mystique of the frontier entices the reader and allows their imagination to soar. Fred Lewis Pattee expresses his feelings on the use of the setting in â€Å"The Historical Romance: Cooper’s The Last of the Mohicans,† when he says:At every step throughout the romance the reader finds himself in dim, mysterious forests that stretch on every side into the unknown. All of the nameless thrills of a wild life under the open sky sweeps over him. In some mysterious way Cooper makes us feel his environments, and catch to the full all that they hold of mystery and romance. It is a new world that he takes us into, with a language all its own. We are perm itted to learn the alphabet of this language†¦ We are taught to catch the sounds of wild life in the woods; and we tremble to feel that perhaps all about us are malignant beings from whom it is impossible to hide†¦ His descriptions are in reality lyric poems. (213)Cooper’s descriptions of the natural scenery is picturesque and striking. (Parkmam 194) Cooper describes the frontier so vividly that the reader feels transported into the novel. Through his descriptive writings of nature, Cooper shows his deepened appreciation of nature. His descriptions create â€Å"†¦an atmosphere that is vast and satisfying.† (Pattee 212) Cooper, like most romantic writers, writes about an unspoiled America. (Magill 447) He writes about the comely Glenn Falls and the pure forest. He brings the reader into his unblemished world, where everything is pure. The setting in The Last of the Mohicans shows Cooper’s deepened appreciation of nature. Romanticism is also seen in the characters in the novel. The characters are manifestly impossible. (Pattee 212) Hawkeye is one of these impossible characters. He is an ideal character who is pure and untainted by the corruption of society. Hawkeye, like Cooper, is a romantic in that he has a deep respect for nature. Cooper uses Hawkeye to celebrate the creative spirit of the individual. Hawkeye, Chingachgook and Uncas are characters all folklores are about. They are the heroes that complete impossible task to help others. Cooper also portrays, in his novel, the stiff upper-class society and their true desire to escape to the frontier. (Magill 448) Cora and Alice represent the stiff, elegant society. The reader soon sees that under their refined life, they have a wanting to be â€Å"freed† from their upper-class society. They want to escape this boring life and be allowed to live. They see the frontier as this pure, beautiful place where they can be freed of the control of thei r society. (448) Cooper uses characters to portray his romanticism. .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .postImageUrl , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:hover , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:visited , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:active { border:0!important; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:active , .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf44777f88785da6f0e9ed6968643c80b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Giver EssayRomanticism can also be seen in The Last of the Mohicans in the plot. Cooper’s plots favor emotions over reasons. Cooper opens the novel with a historical atmosphere. However, this does not last for long. The reader is soon divulged into a world of Cooper’s imagination. In â€Å"The Historical Romance: Cooper’s Last of the Mohicans’,† Fred Lewis Pattee says this of Cooper’s use of historical background:The romancer uses the past for a background; he creates about his characters an atmosphere that seems to the reader to be like that of some far-distant period; he may even introduce historic personages and historic sce nes, but his work is not history. It is the dream of a poet over the pages of his history. (212)Cooper celebrates the creative spirit by creating an intense plot that captivates the reader. This intensity can be seen in the novel when Alice, Cora, and Major Duncan set out for Fort Henry on the secret route. A dangerous character named Magua leads them. The reader knows that Magua was previously punished severely by the girl’s father. This situation creates a feeling of apprehension for the reader. The reader does not use reason and question why this dangerous character would be chosen to led them, but is filled with suspense as these seemingly innocent characters are put into jeopardy. Cooper keeps the plot movement swift and full of urgency. This technique gives the reader hardly any times to question seriously why Munro’s daughters would push forward their visit at this worst of times and would feel safer almost alone on a dangerous path in savage territory than in t he company of several hundred trained fighting men. (Hart 103) From this early scene, Cooper’s dramatic irony is able to make the readers forget reason and be taken into Cooper’s romantic world through emotions. Cooper keeps the readers in awe by intriguing them with his stories of heroism and fighting. Critic Fred Lewis Pattee calls the novel a â€Å"book of rescues in the nick of time.† (212) This nick of time rescue can be seen when Hawkeye, Chingachgook, and Uncas save Alice and Cora on the summit of a mountain. (212) As one of the Huron Indians raises his knife to kill Heyward, Hawkeye fires his rifle to save the girls. This last minute rescue is not logical to the reader. However, the reason is not questioned because the reader is engrossed in the emotions from the chase scene.Cooper portrays his characters to do impossible feats. His plots favor emotions over reason. James Fenimore Cooper captivates the reader by his use of a romantic plot. James Fenimore Cooper is considered by many to be the father of the American literary movement. His writings put American literature on the level of the distinguished European literature. His romanticism was seen through plots, settings, and characters. Through these techniques, Cooper was able to express his romanticism in a new American way that still fascinates critics all over the world today. James Fenimore Cooper is one of the greatest American literary figures the world has ever seen. Word Count (1033)

Green Hotel Essay Example

Green Hotel Essay Environmental policy in the hotel sector: â€Å"green† strategy or stratagem? Margaret Brown Lecturer in Accounting, School of Food Accommodation Management, Duncan of Jordanstone College, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK Illustrates alternative â€Å"green† strategies to indicate possible reactions of the hotel sector to the environmental issue and the extent of the â€Å"greening† process on the control system. Discusses the results of a questionnaire survey into the environmental standing of an hotel and the control system used to appraise the hotel manager. Analysis is based on comparison of hotel managers operating with an environmental policy and those managers operating without. Tentative conclusions drawn would indicate that although a number of companies have adopted an environmental policy, in general, the hotel sector is not taking a proactive approach to environmental concerns. Adoption of an environmental policy is one of the main requirements of an organization undertaking a â€Å"green† strategy, whereby environmental concerns are considered of strategic importance. A â€Å"green† stratagem description would apply to organizations giving the appearance of treating environmental concerns strategically but without the underlying changes in the control system of the organization. Environmental issue within the hotel sector The UK hotel sector would appear to accept that it does have an impact on the environment[6]. This is not only con? rmed by exploratory research but also through the formation of the International Hotels Environmental Initiative (IHEI). We will write a custom essay sample on Green Hotel specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Green Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Green Hotel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The IHEI has published an environmental manual Environmental Management for Hotels: the Industry Guide to Best Practice which is aimed at hotel general managers. As an alternative to the manual the IHEI has also produced an action pack designed for the small and independent hotel operator. A number of hotel groups have also separately developed their own environmental programmes and initiatives. These include newsletters on â€Å"green† issues, environmental committees and â€Å"green† bedrooms. It is evident from the literature that cost bene? ts can be achieved by operating a more â€Å"environmentally friendly† hotel. However, anecdotal evidence would suggest that of more concern to the hotelier is the impact of environmental initiatives on the perceived quality and service of the hotel. One solution to this problem would be education of guests about environmental factors and allowing them the opportunity of choosing the â€Å"environmental†, option. A further concern of the hotelier is that â€Å"environmentally friendly† alternatives are perceived as less efficient than the normally-used products[7]. This problem should become less apparent as suppliers recognize the demand for satisfactory â€Å"green† products and provide adequate alternatives. The general manager in the hotel sector does appear to recognize that the hospitality industry does have an impact on the environment[6]. However he/she would appear to be restricted in introducing environmental improvements in the hotel unless a cost saving or other tangible bene? t is identi? ed[6]. Introduction The â€Å"greening† of industry is an issue which has been increasing in importance since the late 1980s[1,2]. Although the chemical and oil industries were initially the focus of attention for environmentalists due to the visible nature of their environmental impact, the service industries will ? d themselves under scrutiny[3,4]. Although they are perhaps less visible in their environmental impact, it is increasingly being recognized that they too have a responsibility to reduce what impact they do have. The hospitality industry will no longer be able to ignore its environmental responsibilities as it will have to respond to a number of pressures. For example, the à ¢â‚¬Å"green tourist† will demand â€Å"green† accommodation[5] ; legislation with regard to the disposal of waste has implications for the hospitality industry; and the continued increase in energy costs will necessitate reductions in usage. In this article the reaction of the hotel sector to â€Å"the environmental issue is considered from a strategic control perspective. In particular, the link between the control system and the environmental status of the hotel group is explored. Analysis is made of the results of a questionnaire survey which was undertaken during late 1993. The environmental issue and the accounting control system operating within hotel companies are considered from the perspective of the hotel general manager. Only tentative conclusions can be drawn as regards the hotel sector and its response to the environmental issue on the basis of this study but, if representative, then there is some cause for concern. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8/3 [1996] 18–23  © MCB University Press [ISSN 0959-6119] Control system The control system is an important part of the structure of the organization[8], and of the strategy implementation process[9,10]. [ 18 ] Margaret Brown Environmental policy in the hotel sector: â€Å"green† strategy or stratagem? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8/3 [1996] 18-23 The control system provides the means for senior management of the hotel group to monitor the performance of its general managers and motivate these managers to achieve the organizations’ objectives[9,11]. The control system may be regarded as a function of both the strategy[12,13] and the structure of the organization[9]. The control system may include a number of components such as organizational culture[8], supervisory visits[14], standardized procedures and manuals[14], accounting and nonaccounting information[14,15], and the reward system[8,9,14,15]. It is not simply the use of a particular package of control techniques which de? es the control system but rather the individual weighting placed on each of the control components[14,16]. The individual components of the control system should match the structure[8]. If there is con? ict between individual controls then a dysfunctional effect may be the outcome[17]. Each component or sub-unit of the control system should be co nsistent with one another[8] and should persuade the manager to act in the best interests of the organization[9]. Brown[6] has suggested that the most important accounting controls used within the hotel sector in assessing the performance of the general manager were achievement of budget and pro? s. The only non-accounting information on which the general manager would appear to be judged by his head office is customer complaints. In another study of hotel managers, Umbreit and Eder[18] looked at the link between behaviour and outcome measurement. They found that there was â€Å" a general lack of consensus across hotel ? rms in de? ning managerial effectiveness†[18]. The reasons identi? ed for the difference in outcome measurement may relate to the market position of the company, strategy, ? nancial position, management style and age of the company[19]. There is no evidence as yet, of the hotel sector recognizing environmental initiatives in the control system[6,20]. This would appear to be one of the factors preventing the general manager introducing environmental improvements. Research in the USA has con? rmed that the majority of managers would appear to be hindered because of the nature of the control system in which the budgeted results do not recognize environmental initiatives[20]. Environmental strategy A number of generic strategic archetypes[12,21,22] have been developed as well as speci? c lodging industry strategies[23]. However, the relevance of either generic strategies or hotel-speci? c strategies in relation to environmental issues should be in doubt. As has been stated[24] managers â€Å"may still be operating with the old world mental models that do not give sufficient value to the environment†. Strategies will need to be developed where the environment is viewed to be as important as traditional strategic requirements, such as pro? tability, growth, etc. In other words, the environment cannot be treated as an â€Å"add-on to the other corporate policies†[25], but should become a strategic direction in itself. If the strategic reaction of senior management is to simply view the environmental issue as a policy decision, then any necessary changes are slotted into the existing structure of the organization. Alternatively the environmental issue may be viewed as of such importance that a change in strategy is required. This will involve more fundamental changes as the existing structure of the organization will be required to adapt to the new environmental strategy . An organization’s response to environmental concerns may be described as either reactive or pro-active[26]. A reactive response organization is one which â€Å"follows the pace of change dictated by social, scienti? c and the legislative agenda on the environment†[26]. A pro-active response organization is one which is responding through â€Å"management systems which can be veri? ed, to challenge existing management conventions and to encourage organizational change†[26]. A pro-active organization therefore has identi? ed environmental concerns as a strategic issue and is adapting both its structure and control system to accommodate the new strategy This . nvironmental strategy will involve the company in additional costs with the extent of the expenditure depending on the level of environmental excellence the organization wishes to achieve[27]. Roome[26] describes two environmental response strategies which are pro-active – a â€Å"compliance plus† strategy and â€Å"excellence† strategy The main differences between these . two strategies is the scale o f the organization’s environmental ethic and the level of organizational change to support a â€Å"corporate environmental ethic†[26]. Similarly Sadgrove[27] identi? es two proactive responses to the environmental issue that an organization may take. However, the main difference identi? ed between the responses is cost. The high cost option gives the company a high pro? le to the extent that it may become a leading edge or best practice company The low cost option also allows the . [ 19 ] Margaret Brown Environmental policy in the hotel sector: â€Å"green† strategy or stratagem? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8/3 [1996] 18-23 company to have a green image but with no cost, or low costs involved. Once the organization adopts a pro-active response to the environmental issue then changes to its strategy should be matched by changes to the control system. This will involve changes to the individual components within the control system. Control through the reporting requirement of ? nancial information should be extended to allow for environmental reporting. This may involve a move away from performance appraisal on purely ? nancial criteria to the use of non? nancial criteria. Environmental reporting should become part of the reporting requirements of the managers[1,27] and of the organization[1]. Therefore the environmental performance of the hotel should become an integral part of the appraisal system[28] of the general manager. espondents stated that they did have an environmental policy operating in their hotel, as compared with 60 who did not. The research focused on the general manager and his reporting requirements therefore a number of owner/managers were deleted. The analysis was therefore on the basis of 33 managers operating â€Å"with an environmental policy† and 54 managers operating with â€Å"no policy†. E nvironmental awareness The hotel’s general manager is responsible for implementing the company’s environmental policy at the unit level. Therefore he should be more able to recognize the environmental issues as they affect his hotel than a manager who is operating without an environmental policy It was hypothesized that the . â€Å"with policy† manager will be more environmentally aware than the â€Å"no policy† manager. A z score of +2. 33 (one-tailed test) would indicate a signi? cant difference at 1 per cent level of signi? cance. As shown in Table II the level of awareness of the environmental impact of the hotel was not rated particularly high by either group of managers. However, the managers rated themselves as the most environmentally aware of all the hotel’s stakeholders. The â€Å"with policy† managers perceived themselves as signi? cantly more environmentally aware than the â€Å"no policy† managers, and also rated their employees, head office and shareholders as signi? cantly more aware than the â€Å"no policy† managers. However, given the low level of perceived awareness, neither group of managers seem to be particularly environmentally aware. Generally there would appear to be little environmental pressure being exerted by the stakeholders of the hotel. The managers did not view care for the environment as particularly important when considering the various criteria which may be used to justify changes in the hotel[6]. Analysis of questionnaire responses It was decided that a questionnaire survey of general managers would be appropriate in order to try to draw some tentative conclusions about the hotel sector’s reaction to the environmental issue[29]. A sample of general managers from â€Å"large† and â€Å"medium† hotel groups was compiled from the group’s directory The ? rst stratum of â€Å"large† group man. agers consisted of 116 general managers chosen at random from each of the top 12 UK hotel groups as identi? ed in the Caterer Hotelkeeper[30]. The second stratum of â€Å"medium† group hotels consisted of a sample of 84 managers chosen at random from ten hotel groups included in the top 50 hotel groups in the Caterer Hotelkeeper[30]. The third stratum of â€Å"independent† managers was chosen at random from both the English Tourist Board[31] and Scottish Tourist Board[32] publications. Table I shows an analysis of the responses. The existence of an environmental policy would indicate an awareness of environmental concerns though not the importance placed on the issue. Forty-three of the Control system The manager’s response to the environmental issue could be in? uenced by the nature of the control system. For example, the requirement to achieve his budgeted targets or pro? tability level could restrict his ability to introduce environmental initiatives which did not achieve an improvement in his results. If a company has adopted an environmental policy then the environmental issue has been recognized and the company should have adapted its control system to allow for this. Environmental reporting should become part of the reporting requirements of the manager. It was hypothesized that there will be a difference in the control system between the â€Å"with Table I Summary of responses to questionnaire Responses Large hotel groups Medium hotel groups Independents Total 52 (41. 9) 26 (34. 7) 28 (28. 6) 106 (35. 7) Size of group 50 25 21 28 74 27 5 0 32 Environmental policy Yes No 20 11 12 43 30 15 15 60 Note: Figures in parentheses are percentages [ 20 ] Margaret Brown Environmental policy in the hotel sector: â€Å"green† strategy or stratagem? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8/3 [1996] 18-23 Table II General manager’s perception of importance placed on control riteria With policy Mean Standard deviation Achievement of budget Maintenance/improvement in pro? tability Report on customer complaints Adherence to operations manual Report on staff turnover Report on external factors affecting the business Report on internal initiatives being taken Environmental reporting Achieving environmental targets K ey: 5 = very important, 1 = not at all important policy† and â€Å"no policy† companies. The individual components of the control system were analysed using a z-score calculation to indicate any signi? cant difference between the two groups of managers. For the purposes of the analysis a z score of +/–2. 58 (two-tailed test) would indicate a signi? cant difference at the 1 per cent level of signi? cance. Table III shows the results of the analysis of the managers’ reporting requirements. As previously identi? ed by Brown[6] the three most important forms of reporting in the hotel sector are achievement of budget, maintenance of pro? tability and reporting of customer complaints. However, the â€Å"with policy† managers perceive a number of other reporting requirements as signi? cantly more important to their head office than the â€Å"no policy† managers. In particular there are signi? ant differences between the two groups in the reporting of customer complaints, staff turnover, external factors, environmental reporting and environmental target achievement. Therefore, although both ? nancial reporting and customer complaints remain important to both groups of managers, the â€Å"with policy† manag ers do seem to be more aware that non-? nancial data, including environmental information, may be part of their performance appraisal. Two other components of the control system on which the managers were questioned were supervisory visits and the reward system. Although signi? cant differences were identi? d between the two groups, speci? cally in promotion within the group and job security, these differences are more likely to be due to factors other than the control system or the adoption of an environmental policy For example, the size of the hotel . group or the ? nancial situation of the hotel could be a factor. No policy Mean Standard deviation 4. 66 4. 75 4. 06 3. 21 2. 51 2. 92 3. 71 2. 56 2. 29 0. 61 0. 48 0. 90 1. 06 1. 00 1. 05 0. 91 1. 13 1. 18 z score –0. 63 –0. 73 2. 74 1. 80 3. 27 4. 17 2. 12 3. 35 3. 48 4. 57 4. 67 4. 55 3. 64 3. 24 3. 79 4. 12 3. 33 3. 19 0. 60 0. 53 0. 74 1. 06 1. 06 0. 84 0. 4 0. 97 1. 13 Environmental strategy Hotel companies are faced with a number of strategic issues, one of which is environmental concern. However not all hotel companies will recognize environmental concern to be of sufficient importance for it to be considered at all, let alone in a strategic context. In order Table III Stakeholders’ awareness of the environmental impact of the hotel as perceived by the general manager Overall Mean Standard deviation Yourself Employees Guests Local community Head office Shareholders Bank Suppliers Loan creditors 3. 70 2. 86 2. 38 2. 61 2. 89 2. 32 1. 86 2. 24 1. 81 1. 11 1. 0 0. 94 0. 97 1. 13 1. 16 0. 95 1. 06 1. 04 With policy Mean Standard deviation 4. 09 3. 39 2. 40 2. 69 3. 61 2. 71 1. 96 2. 35 1. 76 0. 96 0. 89 0. 90 1. 01 0. 97 1. 19 0. 94 1. 03 0. 81 No policy Mean Standard deviation z score 3. 32 2. 49 2. 19 2. 52 2. 40 1. 98 1. 65 2. 04 1. 62 1. 06 0. 92 0. 91 0. 99 0. 99 0. 98 0. 84 0. 98 0. 87 3. 46 4. 52 1. 08 0. 75 5. 38 2. 73 1. 44 1. 36 0. 6 7 Key: 5 = very important, 1 = not at all important [ 21 ] Margaret Brown Environmental policy in the hotel sector: â€Å"green† strategy or stratagem? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 8/3 [1996] 18-23 o gauge if environmental concern is perceived to be of strategic importance to the hotel company the manager was asked to consider a number of strategic issues and to rate the importance to his hotel group. The results are shown in Table IV . It was hypothesized that the â€Å"with policy† manager would rate the strategic importance of environmental concern more highly than the â€Å"no policy† manager. A z score of +2. 33 (one-tailed test) would indicate a significant difference at the 1 per cent level of significance. Statistically then there is a significant difference between the two groups f managers in the perceived importance of environmental concern as a strategic issue. The â€Å"with policy† managers did rate environmen tal concerns as more important than the â€Å"no policy† managers. However, the level of importance of the â€Å"with policy† managers was only marginally important with a mean of 3. 41 (a mean of 3 would indicate neither important nor unimportant). Summary The general manager of a hotel is subject to a control system, part of which may include ? nancial and non-? nancial reporting. Financial reporting is perceived as important to the manager’s head office regardless of the environmental standing of the hotel company . However non-? nancial reporting controls do appear to be more important to the senior management of a hotel company operating with an environmental policy This difference . would not appear to be due to the reporting of environmental data, however, as this particular form of reporting is not rated particularly high in importance by the â€Å"with policy† managers. Possible explanations for the difference in the importance of reporting non? nancial data between the â€Å"with policy† and the â€Å"no policy† managers could be a different control culture within the hotel group or a different emphasis on the individual components of the control system. The â€Å"with policy† manager perceives the stakeholders of the hotel (including himself) as more environmentally aware than his â€Å"no policy† counterpart. However, the level of awareness is disappointing. The adoption of an environmental policy should educate managers to be more environmentally aware; however, it would appear that there is a long way to go in this process. The â€Å"with policy† manager perceives the strategic importance of the environmental issue more highly than the â€Å"no policy† manager. This is to be expected because the hotel company operating with an environmental policy has shown itself to be more aware of the environmental issue and its importance. The manager is not under pressure from any of the stakeholders to improve the hotel’s environmental standing and he himself does not view the issue as particularly important. Both groups of managers did agree that they had the opportunity to in? uence the strategy of the company However, in view of the lack . of pressure from stakeholders, the extent of his in? uence on his head office to introduce environmental concern as a strategic issue will be negligible.

How to Upload the Perfect SAT Picture 10 Key Requirements

How to Upload the Perfect SAT Picture 10 Key Requirements SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're planning to take the SAT, you need to upload a photo of yourself when you register online. Do you know the photo requirements? Did you know that if your picture doesn't meet the SAT photo requirements, you may not be allowed to take the SAT on test day? In this article, I'll thoroughly explain how to make sure that you use an appropriate SAT picture. Also, I'll let you know how to upload your photo, and finally, I'll give you some important tips to remember so you don't have any unforeseen issues test day. Why Do You Need an SAT Picture? The SAT requires a picture to confirm your identity and prevent cheating. The photo requirement ensures that nobody can take the test as somebody else. Your photo will be on your admission ticket and will be checked against your photo ID on test day. Your test center will check to see that the photo and name on your ticket matches the photo and name on your ID, and you should be easily recognizable from your photo. If you don’t have an acceptable photo on your admission ticket, you’re not supposed to be allowed to take the SAT. However, if you’re in 8th grade or below at the time of testing, you don’t have to provide a photo to register. This will be noted on your admission ticket and at the test center. SAT Photo Rules These are the requirements for the photo on your admission ticket. The picture needs to be of you (and only you) and show your entire face (head and shoulders). Here are the specific guidelines: #1: Both of your eyes must be visible. You can’t wear sunglasses or use a picture in which only one of your eyes is showing. Not acceptable #2: You must be the only person in your photo. No group photos, and no photos with your dog. Cute, but not acceptable #3: You have to be recognizable. Make sure that the photo quality is good enough that you’re easily identifiable from your picture. Again, it will be matched with the photo from your ID. #4: You can’t cover your head. You can’t wear a hat or any head covering, unlessit’s for religious purposes. If you wear a religious head covering, you should still show as much of your face as you can. Cool hat, but not cool for your SAT photo #5: You can’t digitally alter your picture. Your picture should look as much like you as possible. Don’t use an Instagram or Snapchat filter. I’m sorry. #6: You must be in focus. No blurry pics. Make sure you’re easily recognizable. Who dat? #7: No dark spots or shadows. Dark spots and shadows will make your face harder to see and recognize. Shadows are bad. Shirts are good. #8: No side profiles. Your face and body should be centered and facing forward. This won't work at all. #9: The pic should be far enough away that your entire face and head can be seen, but close enough that you can’t see more of your body than your shoulders. Way too far #10:To upload your pic, the photo must be in one of these formats: .jpg, .gif, or .png. Fierce and acceptable Tips for Finding or Taking a Picture You can use any recent photo that fits the requirements. School photos or passport photos are likely to work. If you have a physical copy of a photo you want to use, you can scan it and use the picture. Make sure that the scan is high-quality and clear, however. Additionally, when you register online, you can link to your Facebook to add a photo. You’ll be able to crop your pic, but you'll still need to make sure it meets the requirements. Finally, you can always take a new picture. A selfie may work, but it will probably be easier to get a photo that meets all the requirements if you have somebody else take a picture of you. I recommend standing against a blank wall in bright ligh - it might not be the most flattering, but it will ensure your photo follows the rules! If you're taking a photo with a cell phone, the phone should be held vertically. How to Upload Your SAT Picture The SAT photo upload process is pretty simple. If you register online, you’ll upload a digital photo. If you’re using a picture that’s on a phone or camera, you can upload the photo directly from your device, or you can save it on your computer first. To transfer a photo from your device, plug the appropriate USB cord into your computer and phone or camera. Additionally, if you’re transferring your picture from a phone, you can also e-mail the photo to yourself from your phone, and open up the e-mail and picture on your computer. Then, save the picture to your computer. If you have a paper photo, you can scan it and then save it on your computer. After you scan your photo, confirm thatit's of high enough quality to use. You need to be easily identifiable from your picture. When you’re registering, you’ll have the option to upload a photo from your computer or from Facebook. Here's what the SAT photo upload page looks like: Choose the option that you prefer. If you click "Upload from my computer," the files from your computer will appear on your screen. Double click on the picture you want to use, and it will appear in the shaded box. Then, you can crop or rotate your photo to ensure it meets the requirements. Once you're done editing your picture, click "Save Image." If you click "Upload from Facebook," your Facebook photos and albums will appear. Click on the photo you want to use. Again, the picture will appear in the box, and you'll have the option to crop and rotate before you save the image. Just so you can see what it looks like, I selected one of my Facebook photos (a sassy selfie): After clicking "Save Image," you'll see how the photo will look on your admission ticket. If you're satisfied with how your picture looks, you can continue with the registration process. If not, you can select "Upload New Photo." Common Issues and Important Things to Remember The College Boardis so particular about admission tickets and the photos on your admission tickets because these are security measures to help maintain the integrity of the test. You need to follow all the rules so that you’re able to take the test and receive a valid score. Here are some very important reminders for you: Make sure the name on your admission ticket matches the name on your photo ID. Your picture and name from your photo ID is compared to the picture and name on your admission ticket to confirm your identity. If there’s a different name on your ID, the test center won’t be able to effectively confirm your identity and you could be barred from taking your test. When you register online, enter your name exactly as it appears on your ID. Don’t use a nickname or any other name. Don’t forget your admission ticket or photo ID. If you don’t bring your ticket or ID, you won’t be allowed to take the test. The night before, lay out all the stuff you need on test day. You can even make a checklist of things to bring, and make sure you have everything before you head to the test center. Only bring an SAT-approved calculator. You can only use a calculator on one of the two Math sections, and there are restrictions on the types of calculators you can use. Read our article on calculators for more information. Make sure you follow all SAT rules and regulations. The SAT is strict about its rules. Don’t test them. Don’t discuss specific questions while you’re on break or after the test. Only work on the section you’re supposed to be working on. Don’t keep working on a section after time expires. Read ourarticle on SAT rules for thorough information about the rules you need to follow. If you break any of these rules, your score may be cancelled. And if you’re caught cheating, you could be prosecuted. What's Next? Do you need to take the SAT essay? Before you register, find out which colleges require the SAT essay? Are you wondering what SAT score you need to get into your dream college? Check out this article. Finally, if you're preparing for the exam, learn how to ace the SAT. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Argumentative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argumentative - Essay Example Any new idea has excitement that comes with it, (Shelly, and Vermaat 2011, p112). Sometimes this excitement causes people to fail to look into the long-term. Take the internet, for example, the innovation of cruise missiles. Every nation on earth has a mandate to protect her citizens. This mandate includes making the necessary steps to make sure the citizens feel safe enough in the nation. This has caused military, technological advancements to increase. It is disturbing that cruise missiles are made with a human enemy in mind. There is a genuine need for protection. Human to human enmity is not farfetched. That does not change the fact that war anticipation is not peaceful solution. In as much as the protection is beneficial, that protection does not mean that the sanctity of human life be compromised. We see more and more weapons of mass destruction, being made. There are better ways to anticipate peace and keep with world united other that regular tests devastating weapons, (USA C ongress, p16). Technology is celebrated, because it has increase efficiency. Say, for example, in the point above. It is possible to instigate an attack in another country without necessarily being there physically. However, efficiency is not absolute. Efficiency has its place. The solutions that come with technology must reflect the values that protected the lives of those who come up with these technological solutions. In other words, if the technological solution is not pro-life, it then should not be taken in as a solution. The information age is here with us. People can purchase any product while still in their bedrooms. Navigating through a website is the new form of window shopping. Transactions happen at the click of a mouse. This, has been hailed, as a major breakthrough in that it saves time. There is no doubt that online shopping and ecommerce saves time and can be cost effective in that sense. However, the traditional shopping involved a physical interaction with the sel ler, though it was time consuming. The essence of technology is to provide solutions so that life can be bearable and there can be happiness. However, the physical interaction with a buyer has no substitute. It seems that technology has lessened the value of human to human interaction, (Graham, 2008). The earlier people leave each other the more convenient’ the deal was. It seems we are witnessing a culture where humans are working hard for less interactions and more centered achievements. The faster the egocentric desires, are met, the more convenient life is to us. All this, is done in anticipation that the world shall become a better place. However, the world is experiencing the highest suicide rate ever. Even the most services have been digitized, people are losing hope. There are many and numerous instances where technology has led to saving lives. Take for instance, the discovery of better intensive care unit systems and strong vaccines. Such discoveries have led to sav ing lives. The problem is technological convenience in the world does not translate into solutions or personal happiness. Rather, there are many instances that technology has proved to be more harmful that useful. When internet, was launched, there was a lot of hope that communication world be fast, and that international boundaries would be surpassed. Indeed the internet